File: IntroduceVariable\AbstractIntroduceVariableService.cs
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Project: src\src\Features\Core\Portable\Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Features.csproj (Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Features)
// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
 
#nullable disable
 
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.Immutable;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CodeActions;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CodeCleanup;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Editing;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Formatting;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Internal.Log;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.LanguageService;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Operations;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.PooledObjects;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Shared.Extensions;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Simplification;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Text;
using Roslyn.Utilities;
 
namespace Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.IntroduceVariable;
 
internal abstract partial class AbstractIntroduceVariableService<TService, TExpressionSyntax, TTypeSyntax, TTypeDeclarationSyntax, TQueryExpressionSyntax, TNameSyntax> : IIntroduceVariableService
    where TService : AbstractIntroduceVariableService<TService, TExpressionSyntax, TTypeSyntax, TTypeDeclarationSyntax, TQueryExpressionSyntax, TNameSyntax>
    where TExpressionSyntax : SyntaxNode
    where TTypeSyntax : TExpressionSyntax
    where TTypeDeclarationSyntax : SyntaxNode
    where TQueryExpressionSyntax : TExpressionSyntax
    where TNameSyntax : TTypeSyntax
{
    protected abstract bool IsInNonFirstQueryClause(TExpressionSyntax expression);
    protected abstract bool IsInFieldInitializer(TExpressionSyntax expression);
    protected abstract bool IsInParameterInitializer(TExpressionSyntax expression);
    protected abstract bool IsInConstructorInitializer(TExpressionSyntax expression);
    protected abstract bool IsInAttributeArgumentInitializer(TExpressionSyntax expression);
    protected abstract bool IsInAutoPropertyInitializer(TExpressionSyntax expression);
    protected abstract bool IsInExpressionBodiedMember(TExpressionSyntax expression);
 
    protected abstract IEnumerable<SyntaxNode> GetContainingExecutableBlocks(TExpressionSyntax expression);
    protected abstract IList<bool> GetInsertionIndices(TTypeDeclarationSyntax destination, CancellationToken cancellationToken);
 
    protected abstract bool CanIntroduceVariableFor(TExpressionSyntax expression);
    protected abstract bool CanReplace(TExpressionSyntax expression);
 
    protected abstract bool IsExpressionInStaticLocalFunction(TExpressionSyntax expression);
 
    protected abstract Task<Document> IntroduceQueryLocalAsync(SemanticDocument document, TExpressionSyntax expression, bool allOccurrences, CancellationToken cancellationToken);
    protected abstract Task<Document> IntroduceLocalAsync(SemanticDocument document, TExpressionSyntax expression, bool allOccurrences, bool isConstant, CancellationToken cancellationToken);
    protected abstract Task<Document> IntroduceFieldAsync(SemanticDocument document, TExpressionSyntax expression, bool allOccurrences, bool isConstant, CancellationToken cancellationToken);
 
    protected abstract int DetermineFieldInsertPosition(TTypeDeclarationSyntax oldDeclaration, TTypeDeclarationSyntax newDeclaration);
    protected abstract int DetermineConstantInsertPosition(TTypeDeclarationSyntax oldDeclaration, TTypeDeclarationSyntax newDeclaration);
 
    protected virtual bool BlockOverlapsHiddenPosition(SyntaxNode block, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        => block.OverlapsHiddenPosition(cancellationToken);
 
    public async Task<CodeAction> IntroduceVariableAsync(
        Document document,
        TextSpan textSpan,
        CodeCleanupOptions options,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        using (Logger.LogBlock(FunctionId.Refactoring_IntroduceVariable, cancellationToken))
        {
            var semanticDocument = await SemanticDocument.CreateAsync(document, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
 
            var state = await State.GenerateAsync((TService)this, semanticDocument, options, textSpan, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
            if (state != null)
            {
                var (title, actions) = CreateActions(state, cancellationToken);
                if (actions.Length > 0)
                {
                    // We may end up creating a lot of viable code actions for the selected
                    // piece of code.  Create a top level code action so that we don't overwhelm
                    // the light bulb if there are a lot of other options in the list.  Set 
                    // the code action as 'inlinable' so that if the lightbulb is not cluttered
                    // then the nested items can just be lifted into it, giving the user fast
                    // access to them.
                    return CodeAction.Create(title, actions, isInlinable: true);
                }
            }
 
            return null;
        }
    }
 
    private (string title, ImmutableArray<CodeAction>) CreateActions(State state, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        using var _ = ArrayBuilder<CodeAction>.GetInstance(out var actions);
        var title = AddActionsAndGetTitle(state, actions, cancellationToken);
 
        return (title, actions.ToImmutable());
    }
 
    private string AddActionsAndGetTitle(State state, ArrayBuilder<CodeAction> actions, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        if (state.InQueryContext)
        {
            actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: false, isConstant: false, isLocal: false, isQueryLocal: true));
            actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: true, isConstant: false, isLocal: false, isQueryLocal: true));
 
            return FeaturesResources.Introduce_query_variable;
        }
        else if (state.InParameterContext)
        {
            actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: false, isConstant: true, isLocal: false, isQueryLocal: false));
            actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: true, isConstant: true, isLocal: false, isQueryLocal: false));
 
            return FeaturesResources.Introduce_constant;
        }
        else if (state.InFieldContext)
        {
            actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: false, isConstant: state.IsConstant, isLocal: false, isQueryLocal: false));
            actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: true, isConstant: state.IsConstant, isLocal: false, isQueryLocal: false));
 
            return GetConstantOrFieldResource(state.IsConstant);
        }
        else if (state.InConstructorInitializerContext)
        {
            actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: false, isConstant: state.IsConstant, isLocal: false, isQueryLocal: false));
            actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: true, isConstant: state.IsConstant, isLocal: false, isQueryLocal: false));
 
            return GetConstantOrFieldResource(state.IsConstant);
        }
        else if (state.InAutoPropertyInitializerContext)
        {
            actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: false, isConstant: state.IsConstant, isLocal: false, isQueryLocal: false));
            actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: true, isConstant: state.IsConstant, isLocal: false, isQueryLocal: false));
 
            return GetConstantOrFieldResource(state.IsConstant);
        }
        else if (state.InAttributeContext)
        {
            actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: false, isConstant: true, isLocal: false, isQueryLocal: false));
            actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: true, isConstant: true, isLocal: false, isQueryLocal: false));
 
            return FeaturesResources.Introduce_constant;
        }
        else if (state.InBlockContext)
        {
            CreateConstantFieldActions(state, actions, cancellationToken);
 
            var blocks = GetContainingExecutableBlocks(state.Expression);
            var block = blocks.FirstOrDefault();
 
            if (!BlockOverlapsHiddenPosition(block, cancellationToken))
            {
                actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: false, isConstant: state.IsConstant, isLocal: true, isQueryLocal: false));
 
                if (blocks.All(b => !BlockOverlapsHiddenPosition(b, cancellationToken)))
                {
                    actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: true, isConstant: state.IsConstant, isLocal: true, isQueryLocal: false));
                }
            }
 
            return GetConstantOrLocalResource(state.IsConstant);
        }
        else if (state.InExpressionBodiedMemberContext)
        {
            CreateConstantFieldActions(state, actions, cancellationToken);
            actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: false, isConstant: state.IsConstant, isLocal: true, isQueryLocal: false));
            actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: true, isConstant: state.IsConstant, isLocal: true, isQueryLocal: false));
 
            return GetConstantOrLocalResource(state.IsConstant);
        }
        else
        {
            return null;
        }
    }
 
    private static string GetConstantOrFieldResource(bool isConstant)
        => isConstant ? FeaturesResources.Introduce_constant : FeaturesResources.Introduce_field;
 
    private static string GetConstantOrLocalResource(bool isConstant)
        => isConstant ? FeaturesResources.Introduce_constant : FeaturesResources.Introduce_local;
 
    private void CreateConstantFieldActions(State state, ArrayBuilder<CodeAction> actions, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        if (state.IsConstant &&
            !state.GetSemanticMap(cancellationToken).AllReferencedSymbols.OfType<ILocalSymbol>().Any() &&
            !state.GetSemanticMap(cancellationToken).AllReferencedSymbols.OfType<IParameterSymbol>().Any())
        {
            // If something is a constant, and it doesn't access any other locals constants,
            // then we prefer to offer to generate a constant field instead of a constant
            // local.
            if (CanGenerateIntoContainer(state, cancellationToken))
            {
                actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: false, isConstant: true, isLocal: false, isQueryLocal: false));
                actions.Add(CreateAction(state, allOccurrences: true, isConstant: true, isLocal: false, isQueryLocal: false));
            }
        }
    }
 
    protected int GetFieldInsertionIndex(
        bool isConstant, TTypeDeclarationSyntax oldType, TTypeDeclarationSyntax newType, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        var preferredInsertionIndex = isConstant
            ? DetermineConstantInsertPosition(oldType, newType)
            : DetermineFieldInsertPosition(oldType, newType);
 
        var legalInsertionIndices = GetInsertionIndices(oldType, cancellationToken);
        if (legalInsertionIndices[preferredInsertionIndex])
        {
            return preferredInsertionIndex;
        }
 
        // location we wanted to insert into isn't legal (i.e. it's hidden).  Try to find a
        // non-hidden location.
        var legalIndex = legalInsertionIndices.IndexOf(true);
        if (legalIndex >= 0)
        {
            return legalIndex;
        }
 
        // Couldn't find a viable non-hidden position.  Fall back to the computed position we
        // wanted originally.
        return preferredInsertionIndex;
    }
 
    private bool CanGenerateIntoContainer(State state, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        var destination = state.Expression.GetAncestor<TTypeDeclarationSyntax>() ?? state.Document.Root;
        if (!destination.OverlapsHiddenPosition(cancellationToken))
        {
            return true;
        }
 
        if (destination is TTypeDeclarationSyntax typeDecl)
        {
            var insertionIndices = GetInsertionIndices(typeDecl, cancellationToken);
            // We can generate into a containing type as long as there is at least one non-hidden location in it.
            if (insertionIndices.Contains(true))
            {
                return true;
            }
        }
 
        return false;
    }
 
    private CodeAction CreateAction(State state, bool allOccurrences, bool isConstant, bool isLocal, bool isQueryLocal)
    {
        if (allOccurrences)
        {
            return new IntroduceVariableAllOccurrenceCodeAction((TService)this, state.Document, state.Options, state.Expression, allOccurrences, isConstant, isLocal, isQueryLocal);
        }
 
        return new IntroduceVariableCodeAction((TService)this, state.Document, state.Options, state.Expression, allOccurrences, isConstant, isLocal, isQueryLocal);
    }
 
    protected static SyntaxToken GenerateUniqueFieldName(
        SemanticDocument semanticDocument,
        TExpressionSyntax expression,
        bool isConstant,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        var semanticFacts = semanticDocument.Document.GetLanguageService<ISemanticFactsService>();
 
        var semanticModel = semanticDocument.SemanticModel;
        var baseName = semanticFacts.GenerateNameForExpression(
            semanticModel, expression, isConstant, cancellationToken);
 
        // A field can't conflict with any existing member names.
        var declaringType = semanticModel.GetEnclosingNamedType(expression.SpanStart, cancellationToken);
        var reservedNames = declaringType.GetMembers().Select(m => m.Name);
 
        return semanticFacts.GenerateUniqueName(baseName, reservedNames);
    }
 
    protected static SyntaxToken GenerateUniqueLocalName(
        SemanticDocument semanticDocument,
        TExpressionSyntax expression,
        bool isConstant,
        SyntaxNode containerOpt,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        var semanticModel = semanticDocument.SemanticModel;
 
        var semanticFacts = semanticDocument.Document.GetLanguageService<ISemanticFactsService>();
        var baseName = semanticFacts.GenerateNameForExpression(
            semanticModel, expression, capitalize: isConstant, cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
 
        return semanticFacts.GenerateUniqueLocalName(
            semanticModel, expression, containerOpt, baseName, cancellationToken);
    }
 
    protected ISet<TExpressionSyntax> FindMatches(
        SemanticDocument originalDocument,
        TExpressionSyntax expressionInOriginal,
        SemanticDocument currentDocument,
        SyntaxNode withinNodeInCurrent,
        bool allOccurrences,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        var syntaxFacts = currentDocument.Project.Services.GetService<ISyntaxFactsService>();
        var originalSemanticModel = originalDocument.SemanticModel;
        var currentSemanticModel = currentDocument.SemanticModel;
 
        var result = new HashSet<TExpressionSyntax>();
        var matches = from nodeInCurrent in withinNodeInCurrent.DescendantNodesAndSelf().OfType<TExpressionSyntax>()
                      where NodeMatchesExpression(originalSemanticModel, currentSemanticModel, expressionInOriginal, nodeInCurrent, allOccurrences, cancellationToken)
                      select nodeInCurrent;
        result.AddRange(matches.OfType<TExpressionSyntax>());
 
        return result;
    }
 
    private bool NodeMatchesExpression(
        SemanticModel originalSemanticModel,
        SemanticModel currentSemanticModel,
        TExpressionSyntax expressionInOriginal,
        TExpressionSyntax nodeInCurrent,
        bool allOccurrences,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
        if (nodeInCurrent == expressionInOriginal)
        {
            return true;
        }
 
        if (allOccurrences && CanReplace(nodeInCurrent))
        {
            // Original expression and current node being semantically equivalent isn't enough when the original expression 
            // is a member access via instance reference (either implicit or explicit), the check only ensures that the expression
            // and current node are both backed by the same member symbol. So in this case, in addition to SemanticEquivalence check, 
            // we also check if expression and current node are both instance member access.
            //
            // For example, even though the first `c` binds to a field and we are introducing a local for it,
            // we don't want other references to that field to be replaced as well (i.e. the second `c` in the expression).
            //
            //  class C
            //  {
            //      C c;
            //      void Test()
            //      {
            //          var x = [|c|].c;
            //      }
            //  }
 
            if (SemanticEquivalence.AreEquivalent(
                originalSemanticModel, currentSemanticModel, expressionInOriginal, nodeInCurrent))
            {
                var originalOperation = originalSemanticModel.GetOperation(expressionInOriginal, cancellationToken);
                if (IsInstanceMemberReference(originalOperation))
                {
                    var currentOperation = currentSemanticModel.GetOperation(nodeInCurrent, cancellationToken);
                    return IsInstanceMemberReference(currentOperation);
                }
 
                // If the original expression is within a static local function, further checks are unnecessary since our scope has already been narrowed down to within the local function.
                // If the original expression is not within a static local function, we need to further check whether the expression we're comparing against is within a static local
                // function. If so, the expression is not a valid match since we cannot refer to instance variables from within static local functions.
                if (!IsExpressionInStaticLocalFunction(expressionInOriginal))
                {
                    return !IsExpressionInStaticLocalFunction(nodeInCurrent);
                }
 
                return true;
            }
        }
 
        return false;
        static bool IsInstanceMemberReference(IOperation operation)
            => operation is IMemberReferenceOperation memberReferenceOperation &&
                memberReferenceOperation.Instance?.Kind == OperationKind.InstanceReference;
    }
 
    protected TNode Rewrite<TNode>(
        SemanticDocument originalDocument,
        TExpressionSyntax expressionInOriginal,
        TExpressionSyntax variableName,
        SemanticDocument currentDocument,
        TNode withinNodeInCurrent,
        bool allOccurrences,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        where TNode : SyntaxNode
    {
        var generator = SyntaxGenerator.GetGenerator(originalDocument.Document);
        var matches = FindMatches(originalDocument, expressionInOriginal, currentDocument, withinNodeInCurrent, allOccurrences, cancellationToken);
 
        // Parenthesize the variable, and go and replace anything we find with it.
        // NOTE: we do not want elastic trivia as we want to just replace the existing code 
        // as is, while preserving the trivia there.  We do not want to update it.
        var replacement = generator.AddParentheses(variableName, includeElasticTrivia: false)
                                     .WithAdditionalAnnotations(Formatter.Annotation);
 
        return RewriteCore(withinNodeInCurrent, replacement, matches);
    }
 
    protected abstract TNode RewriteCore<TNode>(
        TNode node,
        SyntaxNode replacementNode,
        ISet<TExpressionSyntax> matches)
        where TNode : SyntaxNode;
 
    protected static ITypeSymbol GetTypeSymbol(
        SemanticDocument document,
        TExpressionSyntax expression,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken,
        bool objectAsDefault = true)
    {
        var semanticModel = document.SemanticModel;
        var typeInfo = semanticModel.GetTypeInfo(expression, cancellationToken);
 
        if (typeInfo.Type?.SpecialType == SpecialType.System_String &&
            typeInfo.ConvertedType?.IsFormattableStringOrIFormattable() == true)
        {
            return typeInfo.ConvertedType;
        }
 
        if (typeInfo.Type != null)
        {
            return typeInfo.Type;
        }
 
        if (typeInfo.ConvertedType != null)
        {
            return typeInfo.ConvertedType;
        }
 
        if (objectAsDefault)
        {
            return semanticModel.Compilation.GetSpecialType(SpecialType.System_Object);
        }
 
        return null;
    }
 
    protected static IEnumerable<IParameterSymbol> GetAnonymousMethodParameters(
        SemanticDocument document, TExpressionSyntax expression, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        var semanticModel = document.SemanticModel;
        var semanticMap = semanticModel.GetSemanticMap(expression, cancellationToken);
 
        var anonymousMethodParameters = semanticMap.AllReferencedSymbols
                                                   .OfType<IParameterSymbol>()
                                                   .Where(p => p.ContainingSymbol.IsAnonymousFunction());
        return anonymousMethodParameters;
    }
 
    protected static async Task<(SemanticDocument newSemanticDocument, ISet<TExpressionSyntax> newMatches)> ComplexifyParentingStatementsAsync(
        SemanticDocument semanticDocument,
        ISet<TExpressionSyntax> matches,
        CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        // First, track the matches so that we can get back to them later.
        var newRoot = semanticDocument.Root.TrackNodes(matches);
        var newDocument = semanticDocument.Document.WithSyntaxRoot(newRoot);
        var newSemanticDocument = await SemanticDocument.CreateAsync(newDocument, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
        var newMatches = newSemanticDocument.Root.GetCurrentNodes(matches.AsEnumerable()).ToSet();
 
        // Next, expand the topmost parenting expression of each match, being careful
        // not to expand the matches themselves.
        var topMostExpressions = newMatches
            .Select(m => m.AncestorsAndSelf().OfType<TExpressionSyntax>().Last())
            .Distinct();
 
        newRoot = await newSemanticDocument.Root
            .ReplaceNodesAsync(
                topMostExpressions,
                computeReplacementAsync: async (oldNode, newNode, ct) =>
                {
                    return await Simplifier
                        .ExpandAsync(
                            oldNode,
                            newSemanticDocument.Document,
                            expandInsideNode: node =>
                            {
                                return node is not TExpressionSyntax expression
                                    || !newMatches.Contains(expression);
                            },
                            cancellationToken: ct)
                        .ConfigureAwait(false);
                },
                cancellationToken: cancellationToken)
            .ConfigureAwait(false);
 
        newDocument = newSemanticDocument.Document.WithSyntaxRoot(newRoot);
        newSemanticDocument = await SemanticDocument.CreateAsync(newDocument, cancellationToken).ConfigureAwait(false);
        newMatches = newSemanticDocument.Root.GetCurrentNodes(matches.AsEnumerable()).ToSet();
 
        return (newSemanticDocument, newMatches);
    }
}